A closely watched courtroom fight over the direction of artificial intelligence kicked off Tuesday, as Elon Musk appeared in federal court to press his case against OpenAI.
Even before proceedings began, Musk was waging a parallel battle online. On Monday, he posted more than 2 dozen times on X, the social media platform he owns, criticizing OpenAI and its leadership while framing the dispute for his nearly 240 million followers.
The dispute, playing out in Oakland, goes beyond a typical business disagreement. At its core is a fundamental question. Should advanced AI be developed as a public good, or is a profit-driven model inevitable in a field that demands staggering levels of capital?
Musk argues that OpenAI has drifted far from the principles that defined its founding. When the organization launched in 2015, it was framed as a nonprofit research lab committed to advancing artificial intelligence for the benefit of humanity. According to court filings, that vision and the promise that its technology “would belong to the world” were central to convincing Musk to invest millions and lend his name as a co-founder.
Today, OpenAI operates under a hybrid structure in which a nonprofit entity oversees a for-profit arm, an arrangement the company says was necessary to compete in a sector that requires massive spending on data centers, talent, and computing power.
Musk sees that shift differently. In his lawsuit, he claims he was misled about the company’s long-term intentions and that the pivot toward commercialization amounts to a betrayal of its original mission. He is expected to take the stand during the trial, which could unfold over the coming weeks.
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The case also highlights Musk’s increasingly direct competition with OpenAI. Through his company xAI, he has entered the race to build next-generation AI systems, including the chatbot Grok, positioning himself against one of the field’s most influential players.
Across the aisle is Sam Altman, OpenAI’s chief executive and once a collaborator of Musk’s. Their relationship has since deteriorated into a high-profile rivalry that blends personal tension with competing visions for the technology’s future.
OpenAI has pushed back forcefully against Musk’s claims in recent posts on X. In legal filings and public statements, the company argued that Musk’s departure from the organization had less to do with philosophical differences and more to do with disagreements over control.
“The truth is that this case has always been about Elon generating more power and more money for what he wants. Having increasingly realized that his attempt to damage the nonprofit OpenAI Foundation rests on a baseless legal case, Elon is once again trying to change the narrative and save face as the trial approaches. His lawsuit remains nothing more than a harassment campaign that’s driven by ego, jealousy and a desire to slow down a competitor.”
Attorneys for OpenAI have maintained that the company’s leadership, including Altman and co-founder Greg Brockman, stands firmly behind its decisions. They “are confident in their position and look forward to the facts being known,” lawyer William Savitt said after jury selection concluded.
Still, Musk’s legal challenge is sweeping in scope. He is seeking structural changes that would force OpenAI to return to a purely nonprofit model, as well as the removal of key executives. While he initially sought damages of up to $134 billion, Musk has since said he would redirect any financial award to the organization’s nonprofit arm rather than keep it.
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As governments and companies worldwide grapple with how to regulate and fund artificial intelligence, the trial highlights a growing divide between those who see AI as a public utility and those who view it as a competitive industry driven by private investment.
Presiding over the case is Judge Yvonne Gonzalez Rogers, who will ultimately decide the remedy, if any, after considering input from an advisory jury. A decision is expected by late May.
On the eve of the trial, Musk took direct aim at Altman on social media, calling him “Scam Altman,” a jab that underscores how a once-collaborative partnership has evolved into one of Silicon Valley’s most consequential feuds.
“Scam Altman and Greg Stockman stole a charity. Greg got tens of billions of stock for himself, and Scam got dozens of OpenAI side deals with a piece of the action for himself.”
During Tuesday’s proceedings, Judge Rogers raised concerns about Musk’s online activity, calling him to the bench to discuss whether to place limits on his public commentary. “How can we get things done without you making things worse outside the courtroom?” she asked.
After Musk said he was responding to statements from OpenAI, the judge urged him, Altman, and Brockman to begin with a “clean slate” and to “keep things to a minimum” on social media. They agreed.
His use of X reflects a broader pattern of shaping public narratives around high-profile disputes, even as jurors in such cases are typically instructed to avoid outside information.
Musk also amplified supportive commentary, including reposting a message that read, “The main difference between Elon Musk and Sam Altman: Elon Musk actually changes the world for the better and saves lives. Sam Altman? He mostly just takes.”
Moumita Basuroychowdhury is a Contributing Reporter at The National Digest. After earning an economics degree at Cornell University, she moved to NYC to pursue her MFA in creative writing. She enjoys reporting on science, business and culture news. You can reach her at moumita.b@thenationaldigest.com.
